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SUMMARY:This isn't Your Grandparents' Climate
DESCRIPTION:This presentation has since taken place\, you can view the film recording here and find the PDF in the library. \n  \nTHIS ISN’T YOUR GRANDPARENTS’ CLIMATE \nHuman life on Earth has always depended on natural levels of greenhouse gases. The Earth absorbs visible light from the sun and\, to stay in energy balance in the global and seasonal mean\, must emit an equal amount of energy back into space. \nThe effective temperature at which the earth radiates to space is about -18 °C while the global annual surface temperature has been about 15 °C\, a 33 °C difference. \nPartly this separation between surface and effective temperature is a direct effect of the non-precipitating greenhouse gases and partly an effect of their control of the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere\, itself a strong greenhouse gas.  \nThere is no physical reason that increases in carbon dioxide and methane from human activities would not continue to increase the mean surface temperature to maintain the effective radiative temperature. \nThis change in global\, annual mean surface temperature is what we call global warming\, but it is only part of the story. \nData on the current low eccentricity of Earth’s orbit and on near constancy of solar energy output eliminate them from consideration as major climate change drivers. \nNor does the observed signature of tropospheric warming coupled with stratospheric cooling fit greater incoming energy. \nClimate change extends the picture\, not just the balance of energy\, but how the world responds to that imbalance. Absorbed heat can go into melting ice\, heating the deep ocean\, or heating the surface. Only the latter restores the energy balance. \nWarmer oceans and melted ice raise sea levels\, threatening existing human use of coastal areas. Ocean temperature/salinity currents can change\, as will atmospheric circulation patterns\, leading to droughts\, floods\, and more intense storm events.  \nThe relatively new science of Probabilistic Event Attribution (PEA) estimates the probability that a severe event would occur in our current world versus the probability of the event without human emitted greenhouse gases. \nSome events would have been highly unlikely without human emissions. \nFinally\, multiple human systems have already begun to adapt to changes. Fruit trees that require nights of frost to set fruit\, don’t get them and have to be replaced. \nBanks and insurance companies are already acting to limit their risk from wildfires and flooding. In September\, both “The Economist” and the scientific journal “Nature” had cover issues on Climate. Change is no longer just predicted but here now. \nBy Keith Eric Grant \nKeith has previously participated in a Climate Change debate\, a film recording can be found here \n \n  \nIs this the first time you will attend a presentation with us?\nFollow this link first.
URL:https://sciencecircle.org/event/climate-2019-10/
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